Foetal growth and duration of gestation relative to water chlorination

Foetal growth and duration of gestation relative to water chlorination.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of exposure to chlorination byproducts during pregnancy on foetal growth and duration of pregnancy. METHODS A population based study was conducted of 137,145 Norwegian children born alive in 1993--5. Information was obtained from the Norwegian medical birth registry, waterwork registry, and social science data service. The outcomes of interest were birth weight,...

Low intelligence. Its relation to length of gestation and rate of foetal growth.

More information is required about three aspects of the relation of low intelligence to birthweight and length of gestation: (I) Low birthweight is known to be associated with mental subnormality, but the significance of this remains unknown. (2) High birthweight has been reported to occur more frequently in association with subnormality, but the evidence is inconclusive. (3) Prolonged gestatio...

The Chlorination of Water

Chlorine is most readily available in the form of chloride of lime (bleaching powder), which can readily be obtained commercially. This, if freshly made, should contain 33 per cent, of free or active chlorine. It loses its efficacy on keeping, especially during hot weather; but this loss may be retarded by the addition of 25 per cent, of quicklime. Samples of the bleaching powder used should be...

Drinking Water Chlorination

Maternal PAPP-A Levels at 11 - 13 Weeks of Gestation Predict Foetal and Neonatal Growth

Recent reports suggest that maternal serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) may predict perinatal outcome. PAPP-A is a syncytiotrophoblast derived protease for insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP4); its protease activity cleaves complexed growth factor binding protein increasing insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) bioavailability. The aim of our study was ...